![]() This exchange of gases occurs rapidly (fractions of a second). The concentration of carbon dioxide is high in the pulmonary capillary, so carbon dioxide leaves the blood and passes across the alveolar membrane into the air sac. Carbon dioxide is also released from sodium bicarbonate dissolved in the blood of the pulmonary capillary. The oxygen binds to hemoglobin and the carbon dioxide is released. ![]() At the beginning of the pulmonary capillary, the hemoglobin in the red blood cells has carbon dioxide bound to it and very little oxygen. ![]() Within each air sac, the oxygen concentration is high, so oxygen passes or diffuses across the alveolar membrane into the pulmonary capillary.
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